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In the field of materials science, steel shot, as a commonly used blasting medium, has a significant impact on the polishing effect through its hardness. This article will reveal the intrinsic connection between the hardness of steel shot and the polishing effect through data support and logical analysis.
Firstly, the hardness of steel shot refers to its compressive strength, with common hardness indicators including Rockwell hardness (HRC), Brinell hardness (HB), and Vickers hardness (HV). The hardness of steel shot directly determines its impact force and wear resistance during the blasting process. Generally, the higher the hardness, the better the abrasive and polishing effect of the steel shot, but it also brings some side effects.
According to multiple studies and practical experiences, the hardness of steel shot is positively correlated with its cleaning speed. Steel shot with higher hardness has a faster cleaning speed, but its consumption is also greater, resulting in a relatively shorter lifespan. For example, when the hardness of steel shot is moderate, such as S660 steel shot with an average hardness between 40-50HRC, it can effectively remove oxide scale from metal workpieces, clean sand from castings, deburr components, etc., while maintaining good wear resistance and impact resistance, and having a longer service life.
However, if the hardness of the steel shot is too high, although the cleaning speed will further increase, its brittleness will also increase, making it easy to break during the blasting process and form sharp fragments. This not only accelerates the wear of blasting equipment but also increases energy consumption and affects the polishing effect. Conversely, if the hardness of the steel shot is too low, although it is less likely to break during the blasting process, its impact effect is poorer, significantly reducing the cleaning speed and possibly resulting in the workpiece surface not achieving the desired polishing effect.
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Furthermore, the particle size of steel shot is also an important factor affecting the polishing effect. Larger particle sizes of steel shot result in greater impact energy and blasting intensity. However, they also leave rougher marks on the workpiece surface. Therefore, when selecting the particle size of steel shot, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the surface roughness requirements and hardness characteristics of the workpiece.
In practical applications, to balance cleaning efficiency and lifespan, steel shot with moderate hardness is usually chosen. For example, when processing large castings, S660 steel shot with a diameter of 2.0mm and moderate hardness can well balance the relationship between cleaning speed and lifespan. At the same time, by setting reasonable blasting process parameters such as blasting rate and blasting angle, the polishing effect can be further optimized.
In summary, the hardness of steel shot has a significant impact on the polishing effect. When selecting steel shot, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the specific requirements of the workpiece and the characteristics of the blasting process to choose steel shot with moderate hardness and appropriate particle size, thereby achieving the best polishing effect. At the same time, by continuously optimizing the blasting process parameters, the polishing efficiency and quality can be further improved.
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